The Bacchae Essay -- essays research papers

In The Bacchae, Euripedes depicts the character of Pentheus as an oblivious, obstinate, and egotistical ruler. These character imperfections went with his stupid choices set up for his heartbreaking defeat. Pentheus' barefaced dismissal to all alerts and episodes, which demonstrate that Dionysus is really a divine being, lead him to his own demise. At long last, his missteps are unforgiving and his discipline is simply. Â Â Â Â Â Throughout the play, the crowd really want to feel brutal towards Pentheus. In his initial scene, Pentheus doesn't notice the alerts gave to him by Teiresias and Cadmus. Before Pentheus even meets Dionysus, Teiresias offers him insightful counsel: 'In this way, Pentheus hear me out. Try not to confuse the standard of power with genuine force. Men are not formed forcibly. Nor should you gloat of insight, when everybody except you can perceive how wiped out your considerations are. Rather, welcome this God to Thebes. Magnify him with wine, wreath your head and join the Bacchic revels'(19). Cadmus cautiously attempts to convince his grandson by including, 'For regardless of whether you are correct and this God isn't a God, why state it? Why not call him one? You have everything to pick up from such a lie'(20). Pentheus shows no regard for the older or their knowledge by answering, 'Go! Race to your Bacchic revels. I need none of your feeble imprudence coming off on me!'(21). This reaction alone uncovers a lot about his aura. He won't let any 'old nitwits' instruct him. In any case, ironicly Pentheus' dismissal of the guidance of these 'old boneheads' ends up being his initial move towards his deadly end. Â Â Â Â Â The next scene brings Pentheus and Dionysus eye to eye. Pentheus begins the discussion thinking he has the high ground since he has more control over the circumstance. 'Unfasten his hands. Presently I have him in my net, no measure of coordinated stunts can assist him with sneaking away' (25). In any case, it is obvious to the crowd that Dionysus is in charge. He is inciting Pentheus by reacting with speedy, saucy comments. 'The individuals who search for rottenness, can discover at the tallness of early afternoon' (28). Pentheus gets baffled. He needs to feel in charge so he starts to heave dangers at Dionysus, 'I'll toss you in my cell.' Throughout this scene, Dionysus drops various clues that he is for sure the child of Zeus, 'He (Dionysus) is here at this point. He sees what is being done to me' (29). He for... ...gh. He has given Pentheus various admonitions and chances to obey and love him. Pentheus, because of his surpassing ineptitude, has ignored every one of them. On account of his refusal to acclimate, he merits discipline and it is a destiny the crowd has come to welcome. Dionysus presently assumes responsibility for Pentheus and his every one of his activities. He embarrasses Pentheus by dressing him in ladies' dress and strutting him all through Thebes. Dionysus at that point drives him up to Mount Cithaeron where he is discovered keeping an eye on the Bacchae by his crazed mother, Agave. She continues to destroy him with her exposed hands. This is the end for Pentheus, and at last, because of his steady obliviousness, an equitable demise. Despite the fact that the discipline may appear to be somewhat unforgiving, the crowd is conciliated by Pentheus' passing. Pentheus is unequipped for settling on any reasonable choices. His pomposity and controlling nature is obvious in each activity and decision he makes. Pentheus dismisses such huge numbers of insights and chances to understand Dionysus' genuine character. In his refusal to get the signs, he acknowledges his destiny: passing by the hands of his own mom. It is as though his demise, through his refusal to act reasonably, is a type of self destruction.

Transformational Leadership Essay Essay Example

Transformational Leadership Essay Paper Transformational driving. as a develop. has been available and utilized with pioneers everywhere throughout the universe as far back as history records. This way of driving has been cardinal to a few driving methods. examine articles. what's more, books for a drawn-out history. Transformational driving created as a jargon term when it was preeminent presented by James MacGregor Burns in his book. Administration ( Burns. 1978 ) . Consumes thinks about the connection between the pioneer and the followings with the footings transformational or value-based ( Burns. 1978 ) . Orchestrating to Burns. in a transformational driving relationship. the pioneer raises the thought process of the followings and this outcomes in vitalizing and exhilarating the relationship so as to help through a typical end ( Burns. 1978 ) . Consumes contrasts the transformational pioneer and what he calls the value-based pioneer. The footings that are verifiable about a value-based pioneer are the inverse contrast ed with transformational pioneers from multiple points of view. We will compose a custom paper test on Transformational Leadership Essay explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Transformational Leadership Essay explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Transformational Leadership Essay explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Consumes ( 1978 ) . brings up that the greatest contrasts between the two sorts of pioneer highlights are the aim of the connection between the pioneer and followings and the purpose of the pioneers capacity and petitions. Transformational driving results with the two gatherings elevating their persuasive point of convergence and wants to bring through normal finishes ; value-based driving. on the different manus. outcomes in a managing included an appeal or request from the significant force and closures when the managing has been finished by the laborer. All through the mature ages. transformational driving has been amended and redone with look into. Pielstick records seven significant subjects that have been predictable in portraying the endeavors that transformational pioneers endeavor to help through: â€Å"creating a mutual vision. pass oning it. building connections. building up a human progress. controlling execution. displaying character. what's more, achieving results ( Pi elstick. 1998. p. 1 ) . Authorities can go from a managing driving capacity to a transmutation driving capacity by being attractive to followings so as to vitalize. run into the passionate demandsof the followings. or then again â€Å"they may mentally energize employees† ( Bass. 1990. p. 21 ) . In their book Transformational Leaders ( 2007 ) . Bass and Riggio make the case that a man does non hold to be at the highest point of a worry so as to be a transformational pioneer. These authors territory that â€Å"leadership can occur at all degrees and by any individual† ( Bass A ; Riggio. 2007. p. 2 ) and this is the core to transformational pioneers. Transformational pioneers. lead others to bring through more than what was initially expected and ordinarily past what was unique thought conceivable ( Bass A ; Riggio. 2007 ) . This is conceivable on the grounds that the pioneer pays taking care of the requests of people. trains the individuals underneath them to go pioneers themselves. what's more, engages every person along the way ( Bass A ; Riggio. 2007 ) . As Antonakis consolidates the footings transformational and attractive and utilizes the two footings reciprocally ( 2011 ) Bass and Riggio region that â€Å"charisma is simply part of transformational driving ( 200 7. p. 5 ) . Many research laborers have discussed whether transformational pioneers must be pioneers that produce positive change or whether pioneers that produce adjustment for dangerous purposes. for delineation Hitler. are other than considered transformational pioneers. Bass and Riggio ( 2007 ) clear up that for the plans of their book a transformational pioneer is one that realizes modification that is certain and finished for unselfish grounds. The MLQ. multifaceted driving survey. was preeminent distributed by Dr. Bernard Bass and is viewed as the benchmark venture of transformational driving. This MLQ step has been amended over the mature ages and now arrives in a short or long form ( MLQ International. 2008 ) . The constituents that include a transformational pioneer can be scored by using the MLQ device. Every one of the requests from this instrument alludes to one of four constituents of transformational driving: Idealized impact. persuasive thought process. levelheaded incitement. what's more, individualized thought ( Mindgarden ) . Romanticized impact is obvious when pioneers are work hypothetical records for their followings ( Bass A ; Riggio. 2007 ) . Transformational pioneers show includes that line up with helpful rationale by providing noteworthiness and challenge that outcome in inspiration and energizing people around them ( Bass A ; Riggio. 2007 ) . Transformational pioneers animate the insight of their followings by â€Å"questioning premises. reframing employments. what's more, approaching old condition of affairss in new manners ( Bass A ; Riggio. 2007. p. 7 ) . The fourth constituent. single thought. is spoken to by transformational pioneers when they go about as chiefs or savvy keeps an eye on to their followings by providing the data and course of action that is req uired on a single degree ( Bass A ; Riggio. 2007 ) . DenHartog A ; Koopman pass on up the point that â€Å"transformational driving can be seen as a specific example of value-based driving. in each piece much as the two assaults are connected to the achievement of some end or objective ( DenHartog A ; Koopman. 2011. p. 176 ) . Cave Hartog and Koopman ( 2011 ) . gracefully a plain exhibit. Table 9. 2 Trends in Leadership Theory and Research ( p. 168 ) that gives the verifiable situation of driving hypotheses with a concise depiction of each. The ‘trait’ assault was considered to hold a time of clasp up to the late 1940’s and is portrayed by the feeling that â€Å"leaders are born† and â€Å"leadership is an unconditioned capacity ( DenHartog A ; Koopman. 2011. p. 168 ) . This conviction is that driving is a quality that you are either brought into the world with or without ; it can non be instructed or created in others. The ‘style’ assault has a day of the month scope from the late 1940’ s to the late 1960’s and shows qualities that accentuate â€Å"effectiveness needs to make with how the pioneer acts ( DenHartog A ; Koopman. 2011. p. 168 ) . From the 1960’s to the 1990’s the inclination depended on the consequence assault ; â€Å"the effectivity of driving is influenced by the circumstance/setting ( DenHartog A ; Koopman. 2011. p. 168 ) . The keep going assault recorded on the plain exhibit is the New Leadership assault which incorporates attractive and transformational driving habits. New driving areas that pioneers â€Å"need vision and move genuineness and enthusiastic affectionate respect ( DenHartog A ; Koopman. 2011. p. 168 ) . During this last stage. new driving. pioneers were presently portrayed as pioneers instead of executives. This last stage is inverse to the first in that this driving quality is non something you are needfully brought into the world with. however it tends to be something that is educated. William Brown and Douglas May needed to examine the impacts of transformational driving arrangement to discover if attributes that line up with this driving way can be instructed and outcome in a positive outcome. In their exploration. The usefulness of transformational driving arrangement. one of the three significant discoveries was that â€Å"an serious twelvemonth long transformational driving turn of events and planning plan brought about significant increases in unexpected wages and transformational driving practices among first-line supervisors† ( May A ; Brown. 2012 ) . John Antonakis joins the footings transformational pioneer and attractive pioneer in section 8 of the book The Nature of Leadership ( 2011 ) . All through the section. Antonakis thinks about a few distinctive researchers’ positions and speculations as they identify with these sorts of driving attributes. Anonakis. by and by. carries an alternate test to the idea that transformational and attractive driving characteristics are the existent causes that can pass on around constructive change in the individuals encompassed by the pioneers that have these attributes. He does non ignore the way that these attributes could pass on about the modifications seen ; all things considered. he calls for inquire about laborers to carry on longitudinal surveies which â€Å"establishes that transformational pioneers can truly change people and organizations† ( Day A ; Antonakis. 2011. p. 280 ) . He so challenges inquire about specialists to happen the â€Å"empirical evidence† es sential so as to do the immediate association between explicit transformational driving qualities and positive augmentations ( Day A ; Antonakis. 2011. p. 280 ) . Not all examination laborers are roll uping data that uncovers positive outcomes originating from transformational pioneers in topographic point. Kotlyar and Karakowsky ( 2007 ) recommend that transformational driving attributes have a potential nexus to uplifting useless crew battle ( Kotlyar A ; Karakowsky. 2007 ) . Boerner and Eisenbeiss ( 2008 ) . research to happen the result of transformational driving habits on laborer reliance and imagination. Their exploration proposes that however numerous positive outcomes are yielded when a pioneer has transformational driving qualities. there are other than negative impacts that follow. At first the inventiveness from laborers will build each piece great as the over reliance laborers have on pioneers with transformational driving attributes ( Boerner A ; Eisenbeiss. 2008 ) . This reliance so prompts

Myths of UGA Admissions - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Myths of UGA Admissions - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Myths of UGA Admissions Every year, UGAs Admissions Office works with a large number of prospective students (about 60,000 and growing for 2012), sending them materials, emailing them information, inviting them to campus events, and alerting them about our travel. A majority of these students come to our attention due to an action by the student (SAT/ACT scores sent to UGA, email our office, see us at College Fairs/School Visits, etc.), and we try to give both the student and the family the best information about UGA as possible. Last week, we received an email from the parent of one of these prospective students in response to an email announcing that we would be at a college fair in their area. My daughter received this email message from you today via email. We both laughed and laughed when we read it. To be honest with you, (XXXX) kids from where we live in (Atlanta Suburb) County with 3.7x or higher grade point averages and above average SAT and ACT scores, as a general rule don’t get into UGA for Freshman admission. If we are admitted at all, we are admitted in the summer, have to go to (XXXXX) State for a semester or get turned down outright or get delayed decision. Frankly, we really do not not have any intention of even applying to the University of Georgia. She can be easily be admitted to any of the leading universities in the USA (UNC, USC, Auburn, Alabama, Georgia Tech, Michigan, Arizona, UCLA to name a few ) we thought it best to look beyond the University of Georgia! Our perception of your admissions process is that you accept freshman from other parts of Georgia, other states, other countries and other races and religions so that you will be able to tout impressive diversity numbers, but how many of those admitted with lesser credentials than my daughter actually stay for 4 years? We are not going to waste the time or money completing an application to the University of Georgia. I have removed the personal information about this student so as not to target any individual, and I am not writing this post out of anger or to make fun of this family. Rather, I am writing about this to show that even though my office tries its best to give you an insight into our admission process, and we dispel the myths and urban legends about UGA Admissions, they still persist and live on year after year. What I would ask of all of you is to help spread the word about this blog, the Top Ten Urban Legends about UGA Admissions page, and about our office in general so that the reality of what my office does gets out to the public. It gets frustrating to have to stamp out myths again and again, much less from an individual who initially contacted us for information. In the email, I count at least 7 myths, from it being easier to be admitted if a student is out-of-state, international, non-Atlanta suburb, a different race (optional on the application and asked per federal requirements) or religion (not even asked on the application!), that summer is a forced option, or that these students do poorly in 4-year graduation rates. My suggestion to everyone is to do your own research on each colleges admission process, be wary when you hear someone start a sentence with Well I heard that UGA looks at , and to please share this information with your counselors, your classmates, and your friends. I try my best to give you an honest insight into UGA Admissions, but I can only stomp out so many myths. Thank you for helping, and Go Dawgs!

Wild Style Free Essay Example, 1000 words

From the mix, it is difficult to tell them apart because they have identified with the style of music (Canby). Music heals wounds that are in the heart that cannot be reached by medicine, emotional wounds. Our character Zoro has had a tough bringing up especially with the state at which the Bronx was at that time. The lessons he learned were only to care about him, a tactic of survival. Steven Isserlis (2013) talks about the tremendous power that music has over us and how it can make one let go of their troubles and just be in the bliss. Zoro’s reversal of thoughts about self-loving is reversed when he is doing his paintings at music, Hip hop, festival. This can only be attributed to his journey and also the influence of the music that was around him. Hip hop is not a smooth sort of music but it is exciting, but it has unique beats and rhymes that cannot be forgotten. The entity of these items created a magnet, and it made the character remember himself as a part of the commu nity. The film Wild Style ends on a high note with Zoro having thrown party hosting performers of their trade. We will write a custom essay sample on Wild Style or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The reason that music cannot be compared to other forms of cultural practices is that it last time. Compositions that are centuries old are still famous today because the genius of music cannot be replicated even after a long time (Mussadaq). Such music is not modified because modification destroyed the originality making it just like any other today. Passion is a Contributing Factor to Realization of Goals The force that drives a person towards an object, goal or anything that they feel they desire with a lot of will against odds that have ruined hopes of many is the force of passion (Haden). Zoro had a passion for his drawing graffiti, and that kept him going on and on. He could not divulge his true self to the public without jeopardizing his life or his play space. It is that purpose and passion are entwined. The attainment of love gives one purpose of living and with purpose; the abundance of prosperity comes quickly (Mesiti 10). In all major projects, the team leader is always someone with a great passion for the project, subject or leading. Rose in the film had a gang of artists who followed her because of her passion and leadership qualities. Her being a woman did not hinder from achieving her goals. She would go into the subway to complete the artistic images that were her goal. In the film, Rose is depicted as a proud leader of her group. They always follow her as their leade r into doing graffiti activities even those places that were feared.

A Thousand Acres By William Shakespeare - 2620 Words

Shakespeare have influenced many generations of writers since his demise and he continues to have a massive impact on modern-day plays, movies, and poems. Whether it be a title of a book or lines of the protagonist, Shakespeare’s presence can be felt in every genre of writing. A Thousand Acres by Jane Smiley is also one such piece of writing. This novel came out in 1991 and won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction. Based on Shakespeare’s King Lear, this novel is set on a thousand acre farm in Iowa owned by a father with three daughters. The narration is done by Ginny, the eldest daughter. There are many similarities between the character development of King Lear and A Thousand Acres, along with the plot. Throughout this paper we’ll be exploring the similarities and differences between these works which belong to entirely different eras (King Lear from Shakespearian times and A Thousand Acres from late 20th century). Apart from the principle texts, we have used several articles published in various magazines and journals as well as available online. The analyses of these literary work as depicted in these articles helped us to develop a better understanding of the topic. King Lear The story starts in old Britain, where the aging King Lear is deciding to give up his power and divide his realm between his three daughters, Goneril, Regan, and Cordelia. Lear plans to give the largest portion of his kingdom to the child who admits to love him the most. Goneril and Regan,Show MoreRelatedA Thousand Acres By William Shakespeare1726 Words   |  7 PagesLake Crawford Crawford-Parker Engl 105 3 November 2014 A Thousand Acres A Thousand Acres is a brilliant novel that puts a modern twist on Shakespeare’s King Lear. Jane Smiley spends a great amount of time describing the modern labels that society places on the different genders. Females are described as inferior to men; they spend their days cooking, cleaning, and trying to remain anonymous. The men in the story are portrayed as the patriarchal figures; they rule over their family with an iron fistRead More Comapring Father/Daughter Relationships in King Lear and A Thousand Acres1129 Words   |  5 PagesFather/Daughter Relationships in King Lear and A Thousand Acres   Ã‚  Ã‚   The bond between a father and a daughter stands as one of the strongest emotional bonds present within many families. From the moment their little girls emerge from the womb to the moment their young women marry, the father reigns as the head of the household, the controller, and the protector. Though this rings true for many families, sometimes Daddys little girls make all the rules. They possess the ability to acquire whatRead MoreSympathy Seeking : A Thousand Acres From Shakespeare s King Lear2906 Words   |  12 PagesShreyas Tallamraju Ms. Laura Fitch AP English 12 1 April 2015 Sympathy-Seeking: The Alteration of Characters and their Circumstances To Manipulate Audience Sympathy in Smiley’s A Thousand Acres from Shakespeare’s King Lear There are few names as commonplace, ubiquitous, and recognizable as that of William Shakespeare. His enchanting story telling, complex plot twists, and brilliant usage of rhetoric make it easy to understand why connoisseurs of the English language are devotees to his style ofRead MoreKing Lear and A Thousand Acres Comparative Literary Analysis1386 Words   |  6 PagesKing Lear, a tragedy by William Shakespeare, is about the delegation of power from the old generation to the young, new generation. Furthermore, the play demonstrates problems that can arise from a transfer made too early, from one generation to the next. A Thousand Acres is a modern retelling of King Lear, that is similar to King Lear, but it is not an exact word for word copy. The overall plot has been retained from King Lear, but some of the minor details have been changed to provide an intriguingRead More Comparing Jane Smileys A Thousand Acres and William Shakespeares King Lear2135 Words   |  9 PagesComparing Jane Smileys A Thousand Acres and William Shakespeares King Lear Jane Smileys novel A Thousand Acres is a modern version of William Shakespeares King Lear.   The tragic ideas brought out by King Lear are revisited in A Thousand Acres both containing universal themes in which societies from past to present can identify with.   Tragedy is a form of drama that depicts the suffering of a heroic individual who is often overcome by the very obstacles he is struggling to remove.   The novelRead MoreThe Merchant Of Venice And The Crucible1337 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant for some individuals that they use violence to acquire it. Violence can often cause jealousy, greed and hatred for each another. It is the violence of many humans that can lead them into doing such â€Å"unforgivable† acts. In both the plays, William Shakespeare and Arthur Miller with their famous novels, The Merchant of Venice and The Crucible, have shown how Grudges and Rivalries can cause such destruction in the lives of the people and the society in this play. In The Merchant of Venice, GrudgesRead More Hamlet and the Oedipus Complex Essay1218 Words   |  5 Pagesis revealed that Hamlet did love Ophelia, was upon her funeral. Hamlet bursts out saying, I loved Ophelia. Forty thousand brothers could not†¦ Make up my sum†¦ Swounds, show me what thou’lt do†¦ woo ’t drink up eisel? Eat a crocodile? I’ll do ‘t†¦ Be buried quick with her, and so will I. And if thou prate of mountains, let them throw Millions of acres on us, till out ground, †¦ Make Ossa like a wart! (5.1.292-306) In this saying, it is evidenced that Hamlet really did care for Ophelia;Read More Doubt Of Shakespeares Authorship Of His Plays Essay2378 Words   |  10 PagesHis Plays Over the years, various persons have expressed doubt as to the authorship of William Shakespeare. These doubts are as old as his plays. American author, Henry James once said, quot;I am haunted by the conviction that the divine William is the biggest and the most successful fraud ever practiced on a patient world. (Hoffman 27) On the other hand, author Calvin Hoffman was convinced that Shakespeare was quot;the author of the most magnificent English dramatic prose and poetry ever writtenRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Hamlet By William Shakespeare1142 Words   |  5 PagesThe tragedy of Hamlet was an inordinately fascinating play with many profoundly intriguing characters that did a great many heroic and disappointing things despite the intricacy and arduousness to understand the true personality William Shakespeare intended for each. At the beginning of the play, as Hamlet has decided to pretend madness, he pretends he does not love Ophelia anymore, he even rejects her and insults her (Act 3, scene 1). This, of course, means that he has been in love with her beforeRead MoreCultural Disenchantment in a Postwar Climate Illustrated in Virginia Woolf’s Novel Mrs. Dalloway2198 Words   |  9 Pagesintended to overcome (Woolf, 72). The oppressive social expectations that Clarissa struggled under in her adolescence are significantly lighter for her daughter, who sees herself as â€Å"a pioneer, a stray, venturing, trusting,† who â€Å"might own a thousand acres and have people under her â€Å"(Woolf, 135-6). As the only young character in the novel, Elizabeth becomes a symbol of England’s adolescent generation who will shoulder the responsibility of social reconstruction. As such, Elizabeth’s most significant

Children learn in a variety of ways Free Essays

string(147) " used to help schools in the scene of mark classs and ability grouping without the coaching antecedently experienced in readying for SAT ‘s\." In order to see why some kids are more successful as scholars than others it is necessary to see how success is to be defined. This is a peculiarly hard inquiry as a practician within an English secondary school, where two definitions presently persist. The National Curriculum ( the statutory model for instruction in England ) defines successful scholars as pupils who possess certain accomplishments[ I ]( see appendix A ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Children learn in a variety of ways or any similar topic only for you Order Now This would connote that within English schools kids are deemed to be successful scholars depending upon whether they have developed the identified accomplishments. The accomplishments listed are non specific to any one topic and as such there is no demand for scholars to finish any traditional academic class. However, English schools are measured and judged by the criterions set by consecutive authoritiess. The current authorities has decided that a school ‘s success will be judged based upon their pupils ‘ public presentation in specified GCSE topics[ two ]( 5 A*-C GCSE ‘s including English, Maths, Science, Modern Foreign Language and History or Geography ) . This clearly shifts the focal point within English school from the accomplishments of successful larning back towards public presentation in traditional academic topics. Within this assignment a successful scholar shall be considered to be a pupil who achieves the English Baccalaureate. The writer acknowledges that the authorities ‘s current definition of success is controversial, non least of all as a consequence of the inclusion or exclusion of specific classs of survey. However this definition seems likely to be at the head of educational reform for the foreseeable hereafter and as such is of specific involvement to new practicians. This assignment seeks to critically analyze the consequence of theories of intelligence upon the success of a scholar. It is acknowledged that intelligence research is a monolithic field and that hence this assignment can non measure the full range of research. The focal point of this assignment will stay steadfastly grounded in the deductions of theories within instruction. If intelligence, nevertheless defined, were the lone finding factor upon the success of scholars so a simple trial should be able to accurately foretell the educational results for every kid around the universe. This is clearly non the instance. Individual pupils interact with the universe, and accordingly, the instruction system in a assortment of different ways. There are legion factors impacting upon this interaction which autumn outside of the range of this assignment. Nevertheless it is of import to retrieve that pupils ‘ ultimate success at school can be earnestly affected by factors such as the pupil ‘s motive, their cultural background and any Particular Educational Needs. By definition, it is clear that the whether or non a pupil achieves the English Baccalaureate does non take into history the single differences between scholars. There is no universally acknowledged definition of intelligence. A simple hunt in the Oxford English Dictionary reveals legion definitions, supported by quotation marks within written English dating back every bit far as the 1300 ‘s[ three ]. The word itself holds a curious topographic point within society, its importance is revered and yet its significance can non be easy defined. So what is intelligence? At its most limited definition, â€Å" intelligence is what intelligence trials step †[ four ]. A individual ‘s public presentation on a set on unrelated specified undertakings. However in order to follow this definition of intelligence it is necessary to cognize what it is that intelligence trials really test. At the clip that Boring made his statement ( 1932 ) his statement was genuinely round, neither he nor anyone else at the clip knew what the trials measured[ V ]. In regard of the deductions of intelligence theories on instruction trials began to be developed in France around 1904. Such trials were devised by psychologists such as Binet to foretell ‘success ‘ within the Parisian School system, to the extent that he abandoned the usage of any trial which did non separate between the kids irrespective of its conformity with his vague and traditional theory of intelligence. It would look that Binet ‘s work was non based upon any fresh theory of intelligence, simply the practical job of screening kids into those who could and could non execute in a traditional school scene. Binet ‘s ensuing trial was weighted towards mensurating verbal memory, verbal logical thinking, numerical logical thinking, grasp of logical sequences and an ability to province how one would work out the jobs of day-to-day life. An person ‘s trial mark age was so compared to their existent age. This work formed the footing of Stern ‘s develo pment of the â€Å" intelligence quotient † . The success envisioned by Binet and the Gallic Government at the clip is really similar to the success required by the current UK authorities. Therefore such trials will go on to be a forecaster of success today. Given Binet ‘s attack to the development of his trial, it would look that despite being credited as the Godhead of the first intelligence trial he was in fact the Godhead of a standardized appraisal trial. In recent old ages at that place has been increasing concerns over the impact of national trials. Standardized appraisal trials have been dropped at Key Stage 3 wholly and reduced to merely trials in English and Mathematics at Key Stage 2. In 2010 many primary schools took the extra measure of boycotting the national trials, directing their pupils to secondary schools with Teacher Assessed Levels. Whilst many argue that instructor appraisal leads to better truth than trials for which pupils are extensively prepared, how so can it be the instance that while many instructors are reasoning against the usage of SAT trials in UK schools, they continue to utilize the information provided from intelligence and cognitive ability trials. The usage of intelligence and cognitive intelligence proving within UK schools has increased dramatically within recent old ages. Within this field there are two chief trials which a big figure of pupils presently sit ( CAT and MidYIS/YeLIS ) . These trials are frequently used to help schools in the scene of mark classs and ability grouping without the coaching antecedently experienced in readying for SAT ‘s. You read "Children learn in a variety of ways" in category "Essay examples" Despite this being normal pattern in many schools, it remains controversial. The usage of such trials within schools strengthens the position of intelligence and intelligence-style trials as simply a method of finding success in school. The thought of ‘intelligence proving ‘ has been developed well in the United States since Binet ‘s original work and is now applied in a assortment of different ways, frequently with terrorizing consequences. The writers of The Bell Curve sparked monolithic contention with their work sing the IQ tonss of cultural groups within the United States. Their work seamed to back up the position that intelligence was unconditioned, that it could non be altered and that people with low IQ ‘s caused the jobs within society. This has caused monolithic concern around the universe and the potency for this system to be used to warrant societal segregation or worse can non be ignored. Whilst it is outside the range of this assignment to to the full measure the ongoing nature versus raising argument, it is the writer ‘s position that if a pupil can be ‘coached ‘ to better their consequences on the SAT ‘s trials so it is imaginable that they could be ‘coached ‘ to better their mark on an IQ trial. In response to the publication of ‘The Bell Curve ‘ concern began to turn sing the limited nature of intelligence, as measured by the ‘intelligence quotient ‘ , and any cultural prejudice within the trials. What is valued within a peculiar civilization has monolithic deductions of the development of its people and its construct of intelligence. The original intelligence trials were devised with Western school success in head and early illustrations contain clearly cultural and socio-economic based inquiries. In visible radiation of this concerns sing the US-centric intelligence research Stern berg kind to see the deductions of civilization upon theories of intelligence. In his article Culture, direction, and assessment Sternberg looked at his and other research workers work sing the impact of civilization. The research indicates that ; the act of assessment itself can impact upon an person ‘s public presentation as different civilizations have different outlooks of how they will be assessed, that persons in different civilizations may believe about constructs and jobs in different ways, that public presentation is improved when the stuff being assessed is familiar and meaningful to them, that academic accomplishments are non every bit valued in all civilizations peculiarly where certain practical accomplishments and cognition help them last in their environment. Whilst researching in Africa Sternberg found that many of the traditional positions of intelligence, valued in western so ciety, were frequently considered ‘stupid ‘ in different civilizations i.e. it was non the instance that they could non screen the points as required by the trial but they thought that do so was a mark of stupidity. In response to this find Sternberg developed his theory of successful intelligence ; nevertheless it is non the lone theoretician to review the current system culturally-loaded attack. Gardner MI â€Å" puting logic and linguistic communication on a pedestal reflects the values of our Western civilization and the great premium placed on the familiar trials of intelligence. † These cultural differences can non be forgotten and may function to foreground a failure on the portion of the Bell Curve to look into the grounds for the differences they identified. In a multicultural society how can we be certain that the trials are appropriate for the pupils sitting them? It is argued by the writer that without extended research into the cultural cogency of trials such as CAT and MidYIS, their consequences may take to pupils losing out on chances whilst could otherwise be unfastened to them. Whilst there has been increasing usage of intelligence proving within schools in recent old ages for all students, it has frequently been used to name larning disablements. What deductions for ADHD etc if a wide definition of intelligence had been accepted â€Å" adaptation to the environment † . Such trials are frequently performed by educational psychologists utilizing US-centric trial systems. In response to the increasing desire to label persons as ‘unintelligent ‘ due to their single differences, theories began to spread out the traditional position. Sternberg the â€Å" inclination to blend tonss on trials of intelligence with some sort of personal value † ( 2003b p13 ) . Many theoreticians have purported to follow a wider attack to the significance of intelligence, nevertheless few have really sort to use this to their ain actions or trials. A authoritative illustration of this can be found in the plants of Wechsler, who gives his name to a really traditional manner intelligence trial. Wechsler describes intelligence as â€Å" the sum or planetary capacity of the person to move purposefully, to thin rationally and to cover efficaciously with his environment † ( 1958 p7 ) . However his trial does non reflect this position. This highlights the trouble in inventing trials which match broader theories of intelligence. Given the jobs associated with traditional theories of intelligence, which all excessively frequently focused merely on accomplishments which are valued in the peculiar parts of society, theorists kind to promote a lodger position of intelligence. Sternberg â€Å" the clip possibly has come to spread out our impression and everyone ‘s impression of what it means to be intelligent † ( 2003b p 69 ) . This is an interesting pick of phrasing. It implies that it is non merely theorists which need to spread out their impression ‘of what it means to be intelliegent ‘ but the general populace every bit good. Sternberg proposed his theory of successful intelligence, backed by international research, to explicate why some of the most successful persons in the universe are non considered to be traditionally intelligent. â€Å" A cardinal facet of the theory is that success is defined in footings of a individual ‘s single ends with the context in which that individual lives, instead than in footings of more generalized ends that somehow are supposed to use to everyone. † TFSI â€Å" no affair how good traditional psychometric or cognitive theories account for public presentation on intelligence trials, they seem non to travel much beyond the trials in footings of their ability to account for intelligence in the mundane universe † p.317 â€Å" The triarchic theory is an effort to history for, in a individual theory, what in the yesteryear has been accounted for by multiple theories frequently perceived to be in struggle with each other. † P.325 â€Å" The point to be made, so is that intelligence is non a individual thing ; It comprises a really broad array of cognitive and other accomplishments. Our purpose in theory, research, and measuring ought to be to specify what these accomplishments are and to larn how best to measure and develop them, non to calculate out a manner to unite them into a individual, perchance nonmeaningful figure. â€Å" p. 327 p.335 beyond IQ â€Å" many bing theories of intelligence are uncomplete instead than incorrect † p.328 â€Å" each of the three subtheories of the triachic theory has received at least some empirical proof and amplification, although more empirical research and theory development are clearly needed. † p.334 â€Å" Our research, like that of others, is hindered by the deficiency of entirely satisfactory exeternal standards against which to formalize our theories and steps. † The trouble with bring forthing a wider theory of intelligence is at what point do you halt? What is included and what is non? Where is the line to be drawn? It would look that Sternberg believes that within the US the broadening of intelligence has gone excessively far. â€Å" In U.S. society, cognitive accomplishments have become practically equated with rational skills- the mental bases of intelligence. This equation is a error. † ( Sternberg, wisdom, Intelligence and Creativity synthesized 2003b ) On this point there is one theoretician who has been to a great extent criticised for spread outing this theory excessively far. Howard Gardner appears to hold an of all time turning list of ‘intelligences ‘ each one more vague and abstract that the following, many overlapping with his old classs. The chief expostulation which many people have of Gardner is his usage of the word ‘intelligence ‘ to depict what many would prefer to be known as abilities, accomplishments, endowments or capacities. In response to such unfavorable judgment Gardner explained that he realised, â€Å" that each of these words harboured booby traps, I eventually elected to take the bold measure of allowing a word from psychological science and stretching it in new ways aˆÂ ¦ I was suggesting an enlargement of the term intelligence so that it would embrace many capacities that had been considered outside its range † ( 1999 p33,34 ) . â€Å" There is nil charming about the word â€Å" intelligence † . I have intentionally chosen it to fall in issue with those psychologists who consider logical logical thinking or lingual competency to be on a different plane that musical problem-solving or bodily-kinesthetic aptitude. † ( Multiple intelligences ) â€Å" To name some â€Å" endowment † and some â€Å" intelligence † shows this prejudice. Name them all â€Å" endowments † if you wish ; or name the all â€Å" intelligences † . † â€Å" I think of an intelligence as a biopsychological potency. That is, all members of the species have the possible to exert a set of rational modules of which the species is capable. † â€Å" When I wrote Frames of Mind, I was excessively promiscuous in the usage of the term intelligence, and I applied it in countries where it would hold been preferred to deploy other nomenclature. † Cogency of MI â€Å" it surveys a broad assortment of independent research traditions: neurology, particular populations, development, psychometries, anthropology, development, and so on. The theory is a merchandise of the synthesis of this study. † â€Å" the contention that MI is non theory until the experiments are performed is indefensible. † â€Å" If other researches, looking at the same empirical informations or at new empirical informations, were to come up with a list of modules that were better supported, the current versions of MI theory would be called into inquiry. If there turned out to be a important correlativity among theses modules, as measured by appropriate appraisals, the supported independency of the modules would be invalidated. Furthermore, the theory could be partly disconfirmed on any figure of finer points. Possibly one or more of the campaigner intelligences will be found to be inadequately justified based on farther reappraisal. Possibly there are campaigners that I have non considered. Or possibly the intelligences are non about every bit independent as claimed. Each of these options can be through empirical observation verified and can supply agencies for disconfirming or redeveloping the theory, although in the instance of certain alteration, there might still be some public-service corporation to the theory itself. † The writer would travel as far to province that Howard Garner has non created a list of intelligences, but yet another list of larning manners. This averment is supported by the overplus of articles and books written on the topic in the US and throughout the universe. The application of the theory to the schoolroom puting reads merely as any text on acquisition manners, speaking about holding an consciousness of kids ‘s single form of intelligences, of learning in such a manner that all students have entree to the information in their preferable manner and of developing countries where kids may demo a failing. Sternberg ‘s work is besides non immune from such unfavorable judgment, in his work sing learning for successful intelligence besides describes the theory in a really similar manner to that of acquisition manners. â€Å" The theory of successful intelligence holds that some pupils who do non make good in conventional classs may, in fact, have the ability to win, if they are taught in a manner that is a better tantrum to their forms of abilities. † Teaching for successful intelligence. â€Å" One of the most utile things a instructor can make is to assist a pupil figure out how to do the most of what he or she does good, and to happen ways around what he or she does non make so good. † Coffield ‘s work in this country has found that there are far excessively many accounts of larning manners. How to cite Children learn in a variety of ways, Essay examples

Cultural Differences in UK and Saudi Arabia

Question: Discuss about theCultural Differences in UK and Saudi Arabia. Answer: Introduction The main purpose of this paper is applying the Hofsredes analytical framework to two countries that is UK and Saudi Arabia so that the main differences and the similarities between their cultures could be determined. The business styles and business processes in various countries are highly impacted by the cultural differences, so it becomes imperative to study them as it allows the businesses for entering and functioning properly in a new country. Therefore a model has been evolved that has proven out to be very useful for the understanding and implementation of a business strategy in a new country. There are basically four main sections in which this paper has been organized. Section1 discusses the theoretical contents of the very well known model that is the Hofsredes model. Under this section the main features of the model are described along with the explanations of their applications and thereafter critically analyzing them. This section also suggests the limitations and the utility of the model. The second section discusses and evaluates the culture of UK using the basis of the model framework of Hofsredes. This section is based on the analysis of the main characteristics of the culture of UK. Section 3 of the paper discuses the culture of Saudi Arabia by using the same model that is the Hofsrede's model. This model framework has been used as a basis for analyzing the culture of UK. Each and every element of the model is applied on the culture of Saudi Arabia. Using the result of the analysis of the model on the culture of Saudi Arabia an overall picture of the economy of Saudi Arabia can be drawn. The fourth section of the paper is the conclusion part that summarizes the main similarities in the culture of both the countries along with the differences between the Saudi Arabia and UK cultures and there implications on the business. The last section that is the section 5 is the recommendations section which is a small toolkit for knowing how a manager is going to work in a local organization in Saudi Arabia. About the Model The Hofstedes model was developed by Geert Hofstede and is a framework for the cross-cultural communication(Christopher 2012). The main purpose of this framework is to describe the effects of the cultural effects on the values of the members. Before developing the model Geert worked in the field of cultural studies across the globe in different countries(Moran 2011). He studied different cultures and there characteristics and later on developed a four dimensional model. After some years he then developed the fifth dimension in the same model. According to Hofstede there are basically five main dimensions on which the culture of the country can be ranked. The following are the five main dimension of the model: Power Distance Index The main focus of the first element is on the wealth, influence and the power among the people within a country. The countries that are ranked high on the power distance index have hidden caste systems that differentiate between the privileged and unprivileged and rich and poor. According to this element the power is considered as a fundamental concern because the humans are organized under this in to various hierarchies(British Council 2014). The poor are not able to better themselves because they are influenced by the rich and are easily blocked by them at various levels by the rich. The workplace culture often favors the rich and the different laws and regulations that are quite subtle hinder the upward mobility of the poor. While on the other hand the countries ranking low on the index have the society that is having equality and in those countries the influence and the power wealth does not determine the access to various facilities and services(Li 2012). Individualism The above mentioned index explores a degree in which the people in the society are integrated in to different groups. Under this elements the individualism versus the collectivism. On the individual side it has been observed that the ties are loose and everyone is expected to look after him or herself. While on the collective side the people are expected to be strong from their birth onwards and are cohesive in to the groups and have extended families that includes aunts, uncles, grandparents etc. that keep on protecting them in exchange of their loyalty towards the family. As for example in the case of the country like Germany the individualistic is considered with a high score of 89 as compared to the country like Guatemala where the collectivism is very strong that is 6 on the scale. Masculinity Under this dimension masculinity means preference given in the society for achieving heroism and material rewards for the success. Normally there is difference among the countries on the basis of the importance given to the male ideal that is related to achievement and ambition. The countries that have high masculinity score give more high status to the male at the workplace as compared to the females. Whereas there is less gender based discrimination in the countries that have low masculinity scores. Uncertainty Avoidance The main focus of this dimension is on the facts that how the cultures adapt themselves to various changes and cope with the uncertainties. The main emphasis of this dimension is on the extent to which the culture feels threatened and anxiousness towards the ambiguity. There is lot of difference between the risk taking ability and uncertainty tolerance within different societies(Rau 2015). The countries that have high index often posses entrepreneurial activity that is spread widely across the society. However the countries that have low rate of index there the people tend to move away from the government and risk bearing and also tend to restrict and over legislate the entrepreneurial activity. Long Term Orientation The fifth dimension in the Hofstede framework is the long term orientation that was added in the framework after the fourth so that the distingushment could be made in the thinking between west and east(Researchomatic 2010). The high long term Orientation ranking often indicates that the particular country is prescribing to the values of the tradition respect and long-term commitments. Under this culture the chances of the occurrence of the change are more often as the commitments and long term orientation do not becomes the elements of the change under this dimension. Application of the Hofstedes Model to UK When the economy of the UK was analyzed using the Hofstedes model it was found out that UK represents a totally and radically different society as compared to Saudi Arabia. The uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation scores and power distance in UK is very low that clearly highlights the fact that the country is very modern and progressive though it has few rules and regulations. The long tradition of UK is demonstrated by the low power distance where the people normally expect themselves to be ruled and also prefer those leaders who consult and allow the staff participation. Therefore it can be said that is quite different from Saudi Arabia in this sense(Eisend Christaudolis 2016). The sore of UK In case of individualism is 89 which is very high and clarifies the fact that the culture of British supports individuality and values. It can also be seen that in the British culture when seen from the macro level there is more predominance of nuclear family in the basic social struc ture(Kakbadse 2013). While on a micro level the individuals are more concerned with themselves rather than working in a team in the business environment(Alford 2015). The UK places more emphasis on the individualism where different parts of the society reward the individual achievement. There are various links of familial links that keep on continuing throughout the life of the individual. The score of UK is 66 that indicate it is in the middle. This fact reflects that the culture and the society of the British has its main aim as an equality among the various sexes and gender though there is gender bias under the surface that still exists(Chaydhary 2015). The UK society is male dominated as in the case of Saudi Arabia and has a moderately strong masculinity score. UK has low uncertainty avoidance score which clearly reflects the comfort of the population of the UK in general in the societal arena and at the workplace(Holden Tietze 2015). There exists a religious police in the Saud i Arabia that also clearly represents the main example of uncertainty avoidance scores to be high in the country. In UK it is expected from the people that they express their emotions and stay unconcerned. It is expected that there is different cultural values and religious beliefs in the harmony side without existence of any conflict as in the case of Saudi Arabia(Okazaki 2015). Application of Hofstedes Framework in Saudi Arabia The analysis of the Hofstedes model is very much similar to the other Arab countries. The Muslim faith of the people of Arab countries plays a very important role in the lives of the people. There is some kind of predominance in the large power distance and uncertainty avoidance and are considered to be the important characteristics of the countries belonging the region. The people in these societies mostly follow the caste systems that do not allow upward mobility of the citizens in these countries. These regions have strict rules and are also termed as highly rule oriented that have various regulations, rules, laws and control so that there is reduction in uncertainty(Alford 2015). Though there is some amount of the growth of inequalities in power and wealth. The Uncertainty Avoidance Index in Saudi Arabia ranks to 68 which is low and also indicates low level of uncertainty tolerance. There exists a subtle and rigid hierarchy in the society that gives a very less scope for the people so that they can avoid the role designated to them. The people are ready to accept the role designated to them as part of the cultural heritage(Meyer 2014). There is not very high score of masculinity within Saudi Arabia than the average score across the world. The people in Saudi Arabia can trace inferior role of the women from the religious roots rather than the cultural roles. (John 2013)There exists the extensive rule of the etiquettes that exists in the meetings that are conducted in the businesses and the various other social interactions between the men and the women. This thus becomes very much onerous for the women as compared to men. Still it can be argued that there is more protection of the women as compared to men from the exploitations caused by the religious injunctions(Rau 2013). It is also considered that silence is one of the symbols of power and wisdom. The people a t the business meetings who are very powerful are the one who are silent observers and are the most active communicators. The individualism score of the Saudi Arabia is low and suggests that the society is communistic that prefer loyal families and long term tribal families. It can thus be evidenced that the culture of Saudi Arabia is culture oriented(Chadee 2014). Conclusions and Recommendations At last it can be concluded that the Hofstedes framework has proven out to be very much helpful in gathering lots of information in relation to the cultures of two different countries that is UK and Saudi Arabia. So it can be made clear that the manger that is working in Saudi Arabia and belongs to UK would be a great challenge. There would be lots of difference in the cultural experience of the various countries given the different constraints. It is implied from the power distance that the manager is expected to keep a distance from its subordinates and shall ensure that he shall always be in his cultural etiquettes. Along with that it shall also be made sure that no rules of the hosts are offended when there are large number of rules and regulations. The manger shall always maintain the decorum and the manager shall never go against the social customs of the place. The collective nature of the society shall also be kept in mind by the manager and the tribal loyalties shall never b e offended (Tomalin 2007). The manager shall be very well aware of the cultural attachments of the subordinates and the peers with whom he is working. It is required that there shall be appearance of masculine in Saudi Arabia more than in UK. There is a greater need of uncertainty avoidance in Saudi Arabia so it means that it is the responsibility of the manager that he always keeps on taking decisions and directs his subordinates and employees to a greater extent as compared to he was directing in UK(Buchele 2010). It would not be easy for the employees of Saudi Arabia to accept the same way of delegation of decisions as is done in UK. Along with that the manager while working in Saudi Arabia shall ensure everything that is being delegated and everyone is aware of who is expected to do what unlike in UK where the employees are expected to add value to few decisions(Neiulip 2011). So at last it can very well be concluded that manager from UK apart from learning the language had to learn various other things to work in Saudi Arabia. It will be required that he masters the cultural etiquettes and the various rules and regulations(Pant 2005). It is required that he masters and displays cultural adaptability and modesty at all the times so that he can get the approval from his seniors and his peers. Bibliography Alford, N 2015, Proceedings of the Eighth Saudi Students Conference in the UK, Scotland. Alford, N 2015, Proceedings of the Eighth Saudi Students Conference in the UK, Imperial College Press, London. British Council 2014, British Council, viewed 12 December 2016, https://www.britishcouncil.org/sites/default/files/intercultural_fluency_saudi_arabia_top_tips_0.pdf. Buchele, N 2010, Saudi Arabia - Culture Smart!: The Essential Guide to Customs Culture, Kuperrad,2010, London. Chadee, R 2014, Prospects and Challenges of Free Trade Agreements, Palgrave Macmillian, London. Chaydhary, P 2015, Proceedings of the 1996 Multicultural Marketing Conference - Page 111, Springer, New York. Christopher, E 2012, International Management: Explorations Across Cultures - Page 78. Eisend, M Christaudolis, G 2016, 'Advances in Advertising Research (Vol. VII): Bridging the Gap'. Holden, N Tietze, S 2015, The Routledge Companion to Cross-Cultural Management - Page 199, Routledge Publishing Group, New York. John, W 2013, Perspectives and Techniques for Improving Information Technology, Information Science, USA. Kakbadse, B 2013, How to Make Boards Work: An International Overview - Page 1993, Palgrave Macmillian, New Yprk. Li, H 2012, com, viewed 12 December 2016, https://www.ibtimes.com/business-saudi-arabia-culture-differences-watch-406450. Meyer, E 2014, The Culture Map: Breaking Through the Invisible Boundaries of Global, Public Affairs, New York. Moran, R 2011, Managing Cultural Differences: Global Leadership Strategies, Springer publications, New york. Neiulip, J 2011, Intercultural Communication: A Contextual Approach - Page 309, 5th edn, Sage Publications, New Delhi. Okazaki, S 2015, Handbook of Research on International Advertising - Page 27, Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, London. Pant, R 2005, Cross Cultural Perspectives On Educational Research - Page 159, McGraw Hill., New York. Rau, P 2013, Cross-Cultural Design. Cultural Differences in Everyday Life, Springer Publications. Rau, P 2015, Cross-Cultural Design. Cultural Differences in Everyday Life, Springer, Uk. Researchomatic 2010, Compare And Contrast Between Saudi Arabia And The Usa Culture , viewed 12 December 2016, https://www.researchomatic.com/Compare-And-Contrast-Between-Saudi-Arabia-And-The-Usa-Culture-6036.html. Tomalin, B 2007, The World's Business Cultures and how to Unlock Them - Page 5, Thorogood.

Historically And Politically, The Bosnians And The Russians Are A Essa

Historically and politically, the Bosnians and the Russians are a perfect match.This history started in the middle of the first thousand years A.D. when the tribes called the Southern Slavs migrated into the southeast area of Europe known as the Balkans. The Slav people as they are known, were separated from the Northern Slavs, that is, related Slavs in Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Russia, by the non-slavic tribes that settled the lands of Austria and Hungary. The Bosnians original ancestors were the Southern Slavs. They raided areas throught the Balkans including what is now modern day Serbia.This tribe eventually split up, mostly for religious and political reasons but also because the geography of the region is such that large groups of Slavs became separated and isolated from one another because of the difficult terrain. When religion came to the Balkans, where you were physically had as much to do with what religion you grew up with as other reasons. The Serbs who were closest to the Byzantine Empire geographically, took up the Eastern Orthodox Religion. The peoples in what is now Croatia, Slovinia and Bosina were infuenced by Rome and took up Roman Catholicisim. However, the Bosnians, who were alwasys being threathned politically by the Orthodox Christian Serbs as well as their Roman Catholic neighbors, by the fifteenth century had made apolitical decision to align themselves with the rising power of the Ottoman Empire, and converted to Islam. Russia, the country where most of the Southern Slavs came from had accepted the Eastern Orthodox religion at around the time the Serbs did. This religious bond between Russians and Serbs was very strong and the two groups supported one another for virtually their entire history up to and including modern times. The Serbs supported the Russians in almost all their wars and helped the Russians gain control of part of the Eastern Mediterraen from the Turks. This is why the Russians are deeply interested in this area and feel they have a special role to play in the current conflict. The Balkans are the reason that World War I had started. The Serbs of 1914 was as determined then, as they were for centuries, of preserving their independence in the Balkans. A wider war in the Balkans could risk the security of Europe, and possibly draw Moslen nations into the war. On a more imeadiate level, the reason for peace in Bosnia is so urgent is because cities, roads, bridges, have been destroyed in the conflict. A good example of this is Sarajevo, ( a major muslim city) that was known for its cultural mixture. It was the site of the 1988 winter olympics which welcomed hunreds of atlethes from all over the globe. The city is on the Bosinian-Serb border and has been shelled by both sides in the war. However, a far more important reason is to prevent this local war from starting a wider confrontation that would risk the security of Europe, and possibly draw in Moslem nations to support the Muslims in Bosnia. Russian soldiers are going to be among the troops keeping peace in Sarajevo as well as in other towns in Bosnia. The rusians are trying to improve relations with the U. S. and are doing so by working with the U.S. on keeping peace in the Balkans. Both President Yeltsin of Russia and Clinton Of the U.S., have met several times over this issue. They decide that a good way to improve rlations betwen the two countries. Part of the debate over rusian troops betwen Russia and the U.S. was who mwould command the Russsian troops if they were sent. The Russians did not want teir troops under a NATO command because they thought that Nato was anti- Russian. Another topic of their debate was where were the Russian troops to be deployed. The russians wnated to be deployed in Bosnian Serb teritory, and the U.S. wanted them deployed in Bosnian Croat territory. Finally an agreement was reached. The Russians would send fifteenhundred troops to Bosnia. They were scheduled to arrive in mid-December 1995. Both sides agreed that the Russian troops would report to their own commander, General Leonti P. Shetsov. Shetsov had worked with Nato in the past as well as the U.S. military and was sen as a good fit. He however would still be technically under Nato command as it is Nato that is overseeing the operation. Further the Russians are contributing troops to an international brigage that would include troops from France, the U.S. and other countries. After much debate it was agreed that the Russians would be deployed

TDA Essays

TDA Essays TDA Essay TDA Essay Describe the policies that you would take if you noticed that a child was ill in your setting. All staff within the nursery need to be aware of different signs and symptoms when dealing with Illnesses within children. When children are ill then may become upset or restless and therefore would need to be shown care and comfort Just by sitting with them and talking to them to keep them occupied or even give them a comforting toy to make them feel less distressed until a senior member of staff decides on what to do in this situation. A senior member of staff or the manager would be informed of every illness and incident. Every case with an ill or injured child will need to be recorded in full detail which would include; The name of the child The time and date of the illness What the illness or injury was Any treatment given The names of the members of staff involved and reported to A signature of who witnessed the illness or Injury This would be done so that the parents of the child can be fully knowledgeable about the Incident and so they can be aware In case the child becomes worse. At our setting we require the parents to sign the recorded form to show that they knew and understood what had happened. If the child is seriously ill or injured then the parent loud be contacted immediately and this would be decided by a senior member of staff however, if the child needed urgent treatment or needed to be taken in an ambulance to the hospital then the parents would need to give full permission first. At our setting we do have some children who need to be given certain medication in particular circumstances such as children with asthma and children with allergies who may need a potentially lifesaving injection. These medications would be prescribed by a doctor then the parents would give written consent for the staff at our setting to give the children the recommended medication. For every child a form would Include their name, birth date, what type of medication Is to be given, how much and at what time and each parent would need to sign and date the form. For the children who have allergies or asthma they would need their medication to be permanently at the setting so that the child is able to receive it at all times. Their medication is kept in a storage box with their name on that is kept out of reach of other children however is always in the room that the child is in. If we have a situation at our setting in which the staff have to deal with bodily fluids we have to cake sure first of all that we remove the ill child from the location and make sure that no other children can access the said area. Then the member of staff that is to clean must initially make sure they put on an apron and clear disposable gloves. To remove the excess paper towels are provided and then put Into a bin bag. We then have a specific colored mop for different areas that the member of staff would use to clean the wet area, using disinfectant and then would use clean paper towels to dry the area. After this the apron and gloves that the member of staff was using would go into the bin bag too. This bin bag would be taken to the outside waste area wash their hands and arms carefully and precisely with hand soap. When may a child need urgent medical attention? Consider your own role and responsibilities and outline what you would do if a child needed urgent medical attention whilst in your care. Some children may show some signs or symptoms that can be very serious and may require urgent medical attention. It is our Job to notice any of the signs and symptoms in the children and respond immediately. Some may include; Seizures Choking In and out of consciousness Cardiac arrest Convulsions (Fits) Dehydration, Severe vomiting and diarrhea Meningitis symptoms Wounds or cuts that are severely bleeding Cries uncontrollably and seems to be in pain Asthma attack which the inhaler does not react to Swallowing dangerous objects Difficulty breathing Head injury with other symptoms such as headache, vomiting or vision problems. There can be many more serious signs and symptoms that would need urgent medical attention. If I were to notice any of these in the children I would need to immediately find another member of staff as quickly as possible and do exactly as they ask me to. This could be to phone for other member of staff, bring the first aid kit or even make the area safe around the child and keep the other children occupied and away from the area. I am currently not first aid trained so I wouldnt be able to follow up any first aid on the child however when I am first aid trained, if there is no other members of staff around at the time I would have to follow my first aid training on the child when necessary and would also need to shout for assistance from another member of staff. Show the actions that you would take in your setting in the event of a fire. Each part of the setting has its own designated route to exit the building at the closest exit door. Our main exit in my building is through the main door over the cobbled area and through a big double gate that leads on to the drive way at the front of the building. We then go through another small gate and to the church that is opposite where we gather the children. The senior member of staff would count the children as they were exiting the building and then count them again as they were gathered know how many children we would have at that time. The register would be taken ever to the church with us so that we could count the children and know which children were with us. If we could not get through the front door because the fire was in the area of our exit route, we would take the children through the back door, through the soft play area, over the grass, through a side gate and then through the small gate to the church. Each part of the building has other routes that they can take to exit the building. With the babies we have an evacuation cot at the front door which the staff members put the babies in and carry them across to make it easier and safer than the staff carrying Just one baby across. Show the procedures that you follow to maintain the security of your setting. To stop strangers from getting into our building without staff realizing we have specific key codes on the main gate, main front door and back kitchen door that is only given to the parents of the children. If there is somebody else picking up the child other than the parent then they would have to be given a secure password from the parents, which they would provide when they arrive at the front door and ring the buzzer and they would need to know the name and date of birth of the child and the parents would information the ember of staff caring for the child about the person including the name and what the person looks like. However, only the owner or manager can allow this person into the building. To stop the children getting out of the building we have baby gates and locked gates with hooks and locks so that they cant get out of the rooms and all other main door have handles that are high out of babies reach and locks higher up also. On the back door of the building that I work in we have a key lock which is locked at all times whilst the children are indoors and on the front door we have a door bell for he parent to ring when they come to collect their children. The key is kept on a high up shelf out of the childrens reach. We also have locks on all windows however most windows are out of reach of children. Describe the policy and procedures that you would follow in your setting if there was a missing child. If any children are thought to be missing on the premises we have to follow our policy and procedures for missing children which would start with the staff checking the register to make sure the child has not already gone home and is signed out or to see if the child is opposed to be in. They would also have to check to make sure no other child is missing. The manager is to be alerted and they would carry out a search and a thorough check of the building and garden. They would check all doors and gates for any breach of security whereby the child could have perhaps wandered out from. If after 5 minutes the child still has not been found then the parents of the child would be contacted and informed along with the police. The manager would then talk to the staff to find out where and when the child went missing and was last seen and this would be recorded.

Applying People CMM to Your Organization-Part 1 Essay

Applying People CMM to Your Organization-Part 1 - Essay Example The company also recognized the need for a continuous improvement culture in order to sustain the process. Because of that, Toyota selects the brightest and best workers within the organization, from all levels, and challenges them to use their proposals and creativity to experiment and learn. This is a challenge that puts the workers through a constant problem solving state, and encourages them to grow in their jobs. Every specialty, for example; engineering, accounting, sales, service, and human resources, are equipped with skills which the company refines to achieve customer satisfaction. This continuous improvement culture could use people CMM for the company to achieve its targets (Toyota, 2014). Continuous improvement means the company will always have changing aims to meet. There should be a system of ensuring these aims are met, and this is where the people CMM come in. It provides staged improvements through which the organization’s culture can be changed. People CMM is a model of change that focuses on improving workforce practices. It has five levels of maturity, and these act as guidance through change. If Toyota, for example, wants to change the culture of the organization to a continuous improvement focused, it will make use of the maturity levels to meet its targets. The model describes an evolutionary process through which companies go through to achieve quality and effectiveness. Maturity levels determine the characteristics of the organization. Toyota, for example, already established a continuous improvement culture which it has to maintain. It means that the company has passed the initial level, the managed level, and the defined level. The initial level is all about the inconsistency of the practices. Toyota has a consistent practice of identifying the best skills, and guiding them through problem solving activities to develop new ideas

Genetic diseases Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Genetic diseases - Essay Example The latter mode of inheritance entails involvement of environmental factors besides multiple genes’ alterations in an individual’s body. For illustration, different genes that cause breast cancer where researchers have unveiled the presence of 6, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17, and 22 chromosomes besides environmental factors (Doak 10). Other multifactorial inheritance disorders include diabetes, obesity, cancer and arthritis (Doak 29). Single gene inheritance mainly emanates from mutation changes, which take place in the DNA sequence (Doak 10). Presently, there are no effective methods meant for the treatment of many genetic diseases affecting humanity globally, though medical practitioners can advocate for various prevention methods (Doak 29). This is due to their diverse complexities once they reach at an advanced stage. For example, breast cancer and diabetes where after they have reached at advanced stages, medical practitioners normally result to the application of their respective management practices. This is to length the patient’s lifespan, and it entails occasional gene therapies coupled with doctors advising relatives to offer the ailing person both the necessary material and moral assistance (Chantal & Farndon 550). Most of the gene therapies advocated by medical practitioners; their core purpose entails alleviating the patients’ severe pain. This is a short-term resolution meant to give patients the necessary comfort while still

Strategic Market At Coca Cola Company

Strategic Market At Coca Cola Company 1.0 Introduction and Background: Coca Cola Company is one of the leading manufacturers of sort drink in the whole World. Coca Cola was launched in May 1986 by Dr. John S. Pemberton in Atlanta Georgia. The name Coca Cola was suggested by Dr. Pembertons bookkeeper, frank Robinson. He reserved the name Coca Cola in the flowing script that is well-known today. The Coca Cola is most important manufacturer, marketer, and distributor of non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups, company in the World, which are used to produce nearly 500 beverage brands that make up for its wide portfolio. The market which I shall be investigating is the soft drink market in the UK, although I think its important that I consider the whole market including soft drinks and energy drinks. This is because soft drinks and Energy drinks are competing with other alcoholic mixer, (2008). This report will focus on a product part of this market and I have chosen the market leader for stimulant drinks, Coca Cola. I shall be examining marketing planning process, and its activities and justifications. Also, marketing environment is included, Internal audit, External audit, macro environment, and looking at the product with PESTLE, SWOT Analysis (Internal strengths and weaknesses). Furthermore, It Includes Porters five forces and Ansoffs Matrix, BCG Matrix and other tools and techniques. At the end, I have given three marketing options and recommended approach after these bibliography. 2.0 Strategic Marketing Planning Process: Strategic marketing is a process in which to develop a strategy to cope with competitors, identify market opportunities, develop and commercialize new products and services, allocate resources among marketing activities and design an appropriate organisational structure to ensure the performance desired is achieved. Corporate strategy is a process in which approach to future that involves examination of the current and anticipated factors associated with customers and competitors and the firm itself, aligning policies, practices, and resources to realize that vision, (2010). Planning and plans are two very different concepts. Planning refers to the process of developing a coherent plan, while the plan is the output from the process. A successful marketing campaign must incorporate strategic marketing planning. Strategic marketing planning is the process of researching a market and its environment to determine the target market. It involves determining what the target market wants and the types of messages that resonate with that audience. Marketing is one of the key elements in addition to other functions without which the company cannot get success. Therefore, marketing planning is a set of document in which details of action is given to achieve the objects set by the management for a period of one or up to five year. It could be based on selling of any kind of product. Its very important to have a very aggressive plan if you are not an introducer of new product and still you want to grab the market, (2010). 2.1 Marketing Planning Benefits: Marketing plan comes through a long process, it starts from a single department and ends up to management decision, plan must be always like easy to understand for management to approved it and realize the facts of market strategies for what they want from customer. Coca Cola always makes a attractive marketing plan which always looks different from others, for now this marketing plan which is very supportive for the organisation is just because it meets the need of customer in a very smart way like they introduced a new Cherry Coke flavour which is they want to be market the product by new style which a customer attract and also get some benefited for an organisation. If the plan is according to organisation and customer then it is easy to take decision for management. Plan should be compressed and productive for organization. Plan should be not so long time process and not to be very costly. Plan should be as per new techniques and 3D type as per new generation like Plan should be process after research Plan should be shows new market prices, long life and skill full. If the plan is according to companies favour so there is no any chance that it could be rejected. Always approach will be positive to make the plan competitive and advance. Coca Cola always looks in those matter which are highly skilled, attractive and sincere with the organisation, to gain the agreement for strategic plan for organization is a very important role for marketing department to extent their plans which are still are in favour of organisation and as before management like the approach to get always new marketing styles, the best approach for management is that to produced their best efforts to capture the market because now a days there are so many competitors in the market if they lack in the advertisement or promotion or introducing in new products then it could be easy for other competitors to overcome, (2010). Marketing Planning Process: There are ten stages of the Strategic Marketing Planning Process which are given bellow in tables. Table 1: The Marketing Planning Process Stages Description Stage 1 Mission Statement At this stage the board establish a long-term vision for the company. This entails communicating a memorable statement easily understood by employees and other key stakeholders. Stage 2 Corporate Objectives At Corporate Objectives the organisation setup the desired level of profitability, business boundaries, such as products/markets, facilities and size of labour force and other corporate objectives, such as social responsibility, corporate image, stock market image, employer image, etc. Stage 3 Marketing Audit Marketing Audit is a structured review of your current marketing activities. It is a systematic review of all the external and internal factors that have affected a companys commercial performance over a defined period. Stage 4 SWOT Analysis SWOT analysis is a tool for auditing an organisation and its environment. It is the first stage of planning and helps marketers to focus on key issues. SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Strengths and weaknesses are internal factors. Opportunities and threats are external factors. Stage 5 Assumptions At this stage assumptions are made on the basis of marketing audit and swot analysis. Marketing manager must keep in mind it should not too broad. Stage 6 Marketing Objectives and Strategies In this stage the objectives and strategies relate to the companies products/services and brands and to the markets you currently/ propose to operate in. Objectives are about deciding what you are offering (selling) and to whom. Strategies are about how you are going to achieve these things. Stage 7 Estimate Expected Results At this stage to employ judgement, analogous experience, field tests and so on. Also, to test out the feasibility of the objectives and strategies in terms of market share, costs, profits and so on. Stage 8 Identify Alternative Plans and Mixes In a strategic marketing plan, It is normally at this stage board identifies alternative plans and mixes are considered. Stage 9 Budget The budget is the process of documenting the expected costs of the proposed marketing plan. To justify all marketing expenditures from a zero base each year against the task that you wish to accomplish. In reality budgets are often incremental, that is, they are based on what was spent in the previous year. Stage 10 First Year Detailed Implementation Programme This may involve spending money on advertising, launching new products, interacting with potential new customers, opening new retail outlets etc. Its major function is to determine where the company is, where its wanted to go and how it can get there. It should be used as an aid to effective management, (McDonald 2006, p. 379-393). I have described all activities and justification in the Marketing Planning Process which are given bellow in table. Table 2: Activities and Justification in the Marketing Planning Process: Stage Activities Justification Stage 1 Mission Statement Board meetings Objectives discussion Target of the company Motivate employees and customers Lack of motivation and output It gives the direction to the company Stage 2 Corporate Objectives Financial forecast Provide long-term stability Profitability of the products Predict financial forecasting Overall company operations It gives review policies and desired level of profitability Stage 3 Marketing Audit Marketing environment objectives Perform STEEPLE Analysis Competition and Market share Competitive advantages Examine internal and external information and procedures Life cycles for major products and for market segments Policies and competitive advantages of other organisation Stage 4 SWOT Analysis Trend in the market Knowledge of the business Value added by competitors Setting objectives and strategies Data Collection Focusing internal and external key factors such as, internal strengths and weaknesses and external opportunities and threats. A summary of reasons for good and bad performance Stage 5 Assumptions Government policies Economic data Major competitors Price competition It is made on planning environment Pick the right market and sell the right products It emphasises on success factors Stage 6 Marketing Objectives and Strategies Sales promotion objectives Marketing objectives Pricing objectives Advertising objectives Social responsibility Marketing objectives and Strategies are made on marketing plan Advertising, pricing and promotion service levels Highlight sales value, sales volume, percentage penetration of outlets Stage 7 Estimate Expected Results Employ judgment Analogous experience Field test Gap analysis on actual and desired results To test out the viability of market share At this level managers set the expected results Stage 8 Identify Alternative Plans and Mixes Motivate alternative strategies Promote mixes Manage the business Choose the best tactics Understand what market works and what doesnt work From alternative plans managers select best suitable plan Stage 9 Budget Advertising cost and expensive Zero base Emphasis on yearly marketing budget Spend their budget more efficiently and effectively Get smart about market every year they are in business Budget prepare by board of director and marketing managers. Stage 10 First Year Detailed Implementation Programme Customer plans Sales promotion plans Goals are divided into sub goals. Market plans (McDonald 2006, p. 379-393) Target their primary customer Focus on achieving specific objectives In sub goals include pricing plans product plans, promotional plans and market plans with objectives The External Market Audit and External Environment (Macro) Analysis: In this section of the report, I have used some data, of tools and techniques that are relevant to Coca Colas current situation relevant examples. External environment is important to marketing decision making. Initially, I have shown data on market share and growth of UKs soft drink markets. 3.1 External Audit: For scanning external audit and external (macro) environment of Coca Cola I have used Porters five forces. In this part of report to scanning soft drink position in the UKs soft drink market two tables are given. From the above table of UK soft drink market share in 2010, it is clear that Coca Cola is the market leader among competitors. Coca Cola hold 44% of soft drink market share whereas Pepsi is in the second position by holding only 23% (2010). From the above table we can see Coca Cola and Cadbury have the most significant growth rate by 1% in the last year and Pepsi and other drinks lose their share by -1%. Fruit Juice has only 0.04% growth in last year. For analysing external market in this part, I have given Porters (1985) five forces model which is given below: Barriers to Entry: It involves; Importance of economy of scale, for example, a new Coca Cola drinks. Challenging with established brands, for example, Coca Cola, Diet Coke. High upfront capital costs or legal requirements, for example, intellectual property protection, factories etc. UKs soft drink market is established by some well known brands, such as, Pepsi, Cadbury, Fruit juice etc. It is very difficult to enter in this market by other competitors. Coca Cola has a long history of heavy advertising and this has made it enormous amount of brand equity and loyal customers entire over the world. Substitutes: It contains; Large numbers of substitutes, for example, coffee, beer, juices, water etc are available in the market for customers but it is countered by brand equity, huge advertising, and making their product easily available for customers. Coca Cola expand its business in the UK by offering substitutes it selves to protect Coca Cola from competition. Its products and services can be easily substituted with another type of product and service such as public transport being used instead of private transport. Buyer Power: It consists of; Large amount of buyers, for example, Wal-Mart or Tesco. Undifferentiated brands and low switching costs. As there are many soft drinks in the UK, so the bargaining power of buyer is extremely very high. Buyers ability to walk away or get an alternative, if buyer does not satisfied with our products or services he can get an alternative products or services. Supplier Power: It includes; Supplier does not depend on one or a small amount of buyers. Supplier product is necessary to buyer. In the UK, soft drinks bargaining power of supplier is low, as the market size is large so suppliers always want to keep contracts by providing low price. A large number of buyers but a small number of suppliers. Most of the times raw materials needed to create concentrate are basic commodities, for example, colour, flavour, additives, sugar etc. Basically, these are the main commodities. Existing Competitors: It computes the degree of competition between existing competitors. Rivalry will be higher if; In the UK, there are a huge amount of similar sized companies, for example, Pepsi, Robina, Red bull etc. Competitors can lead to a dynamic periods of aggressive pricing and promotion in war for customers. Products and services are supposed as a commodity by consumers and resulting in low switching cost for consumers. 3.2 External (macro) Environment Analysis: PESTEL Analysis for external (macro) environment of Coca Cola. PESTEL Analysis undertaken to understand local, global factors influencing business and potential opportunity and threats. Here PESTEL analysis given bellow in a table: Table 1: PESTEL Analysis: Political Economical National Government Regulatory bodies Trade Associates Government Stability Newly Industrialised Employment Law Critical Global Market Important Political Events Market Structure Government Policy Taxation Interest Rates Personal Saving Rates Money Supply Inflation Disposal Income Social-Cultural Technological Population Demographics Culture Attitudes to Work and Leisure Current Issues Income Distribution Social Mobility Lifestyle Changes Level of Education Products Materials / Components Processes Distribution / Spending on Research Marketing/Administration Rates of Obsolescence New Discoveries / Developments / Product Innovations Legal Environmental Competition Law Health and Safety Employment Law National and World Legislation Trading Policies Regulatory Bodies Global Warming Environmental Issues Local and National Issues Current and Future Environmental Legislative Changes Recycling Considerations Source: http://www.slideshare.net/Jackieken/the-marketing-audit-download-ppt Political Factors: Coca Cola operates globally and their performance is influenced by the political stability and instability of these countries. There is currently political stability in the UK and Coca Cola business is flourishing, (2010). Economical Factors: High inflation in any of the counties will cause the price of Coca Cola to rise and consumption of Coca Cola may fall. The UK economy is recovering from recession and employment level is rising people will consume more Coca Cola products, (2010). Social Factors: Consumers in the different counties will have different taste and perception about Coca Cola. In the UK the brand is known for quality products and marketing it will be easier, (2010). Technological Factors: The present environment is technological driven and the need for dynamic development. Coca Cola has got experienced research and development (RD) team who find out new technologies to improve productivity, (2010). Legal Factors: The Coca Cola Company gets all the rights applicable in the nature of their business and every invention and product developments are always going into the copyright process, (2010). Environmental Factors: According to the data of the Coca Cola Company, all the services are strictly approved according to the environmental laws inflicted by the government, (2010). 3.3 Changes in the External (Macro) Environment: The Coca Cola Company has faced many changes in the external environment that have changed the management of the company. During the World War II, the Coca Cola was able to continue the position of the company, at the same time. The Coca Cola was able to enter fresh markets despite of the environment. The company turned out to be more aggressive through supplying free drinks for the GIs in the World War II. During this the corporation was able to hit two birds at one stone. First, because the carbonated drinks sent by the company, it became a loyal symbol by the United States soldiers in which guided to consumer loyalty. Second, the Coca Cola was able to get benefit of the situation and determined the product in newly occupied countries by the Helper forces and due to the company created plants in different locations in the whole World paving the method for its post war expansion. Another thing is that, the external environment is the change of flavour and believes of the consumers. In the mid-1980s where the Americans favoured the sweet flavour of the competitor product, the company made its complement but it turned into a commercial failure. Coca Cola changed its management strategy and restored the old formula, and just changed its name, such as, Coca Cola Classic. After that Coca Cola got its position again and it released latest versions of Coke that address the needs of these kinds of customers, These products are included by Diet Coke and Coca Cola Zero. According to Bool, (2008) companies, for example, Coca Cola is necessary to change due to trends that have a huge impact on its business; another trend is health and fitness. Many people are spending extra money on their health; In addition, Coca Cola launched its new products which are a calorie burning soft drinks, such as, Enviga, Diet Coke, Coca-Cola Zero, and Coke. Furthermore, Coca Cola is working together with the Swiss company Nestle. Coca Cola is contracting with innovation and change. For the duration of the Asian Financial Crisis, Coca Cola was also prompted to change its courses of management in that specific region. The responses and reactions of Coca Cola with the external environment are its internal changes. Organisational Change Management: This theory presents a general process for managing the change in the side of the people at an organisational level (Kotter, 1996). According to Hiatt and Creasey, the organisational change management is contains three stages, which are, preparing for change, managing change and reinforcing change. The theory of organisational change management was efficiently used by Coca Cola. Various managers in different branches of the World have operated organisational change management in order to address the matters that the Coca Cola faced. According to the current stage, the main emphasis of the Coca-Cola is to get the needs of their consumers with outstanding product developing and product distribution. Coca Colas change management is very weak since Coca Cola forecasted that there are a number of marketing challenges in the near future that they have to face. 3.4 Internal Audit (SWOT Analysis: Strengths and Weaknesses Analysis of Coca Cola): This part of report provides information about current and previous years profit and loss account data, market share data, performance graph which have indicated internal or operational strengths and weaknesses of current marketing strategy and BCG Matrix. Profit and loss account indicates operational excellence of current marketing strengths. We see a consistent growth in the profit margin. In 2009 profit after tax was 4,318 and in 2010 it became 7,415. It is increased by 3,097 million pounds in a year. Market share of UKs soft drinks: Analysing market share of UK soft drinks, it is clear that Coca Cola is the market leader by getting 44% of total market. The comparative positioning of Coca Colas market share with respect to other leading players in the market has been illustrated as follows, (2010). Performance Graph: Performance graph of Coca Cola and Pepsi over the last five years can be summarised with the help of growth in following key indicators, (2010). This graph clearly shows that Coca Cola in 2006, it was slight increase in profit margin but in 2007 it was slightly decrease. From 2008 to 2010 market growth of Coca Cola was increase year by year. Internal Strengths of Current Marketing Strategy: Coca-Cola has been an intricate part of American culture for over a century. The products image is laden with sentimentality, and this is an image many people have taken deeply to heart. Coca Cola is a very recognizable firm. Its products/brands are available everywhere in the World. Its popularity is one of greater strength is virtually incomparable. Coca Cola deals with huge amounts of money every year. Similarly, whole businesses they have had their ups and downs monetarily, but Coca Cola has done very well in this section and Coca Cola will go on to do well and make better than its competitors (Pepsi). The money they are earning, it is significantly better than most beverage companies (competitors), they use into their own company so that they can get well, (2010). Everybody is known very well Coca Cola in the World. Its image is displayed on hats, collectible memorabilia and t-shirts. There is no doubt, no beverage firm (competitor) compares to Coca Colas social popularity status. And this extremely recognizable branding is one of Coca-Colas greatest strengths, (2010). Even though, Coca Cola controls almost 44% of the whole drinks market, the changing health-consciousness attitude of the market could have a serious effect on Coca Cola. In addition, according to Bettman (1998), Coca-Colas bottling system is one of their greatest strengths. It allows them to conduct business on a global scale while at the same time maintain a local approach. The bottling companies are locally owned and managed by independent business people who are authorized to sell products of the Coca-Cola Company. Because, Coke does not have outright ownership of its bottling network, its main source of revenue is the sale of concentrate to its bottlers, (2010). Internal Weaknesses of Current Marketing Strategy: Coca Cola has many weaknesses; they need to be finished these weaknesses, if they want to increase the next level. Now a days, constant shift to health products, some products could probably lose customers. This fresh focus on weight and health might be a problem for the item that is labelled detrimental to your health, (2010). Coca-Cola has recently reported some declines in unit case volumes in Indonesia and Thailand due to reduced consumer purchasing power. According to an article in (Fortune magazine), in Japan, unit case sales fell 3% in the second quarter scary because of Japan produces around 5% of worldwide volume, it contributes three times as much to profits. Latin America, Southeast Asia, and Japan account for about 35% of Cokes volume and none of these markets are performing to expectation (Mclean, 1998). Word of mouth unluckily is something that is very difficult to control. Although, people would have their views, Coca Cola has to try to control their negative views. If bad views are extinguish to people who have yet to try Coca Cola products, after that could create lost of customers which shows why word of mouth is a weakness, (2010). Coca Cola produces many drinks, some are very popular such as, Coke, Diet Coke and Sprite but Coca Cola has approximately made 500 different types of brands, such as, carbonates, energy drinks, sports drinks, fruit juices, water etc. Most of them unknown and rarely seen for available purchase. These drinks do not mostly taste bad, but are rather a result of low profile or nonexistent advertising, (2010). As we know, health is a significant matter in 21st century. Coke have high level of sugar and caffeine content. Boston Consulting Group Matrix (BCG Matrix): The BCG matrix method is the theory to determine list of priorities that should be given in the product portfolio of a business unit. There are two dimensions should be analyzed in the implementation of this method; market share and market growth. There are four characters in this diagram represent four categories of products in companys portfolio, which are given bellow. Stars: It represents the products that have a high market growth and high market share. Products in this class usually need a fairly high cost in the process of development. For example, Coca Colas bottled water (Dasani). Question Marks: It represents the products that have a high market growth and low market share. In this category, products have the worst cash characteristics because they have high level of the demand but low returns because of their low market share. For example, Coca Colas energy drink brand (Full Throttle). Cash Cows: Cash cows represent the products that have low market growth and high market share. In this class products should have huge level of profits and cash generation. In order to achieve that result, company should keep their level of investment low because the market growth for these products also low. Such as, namesakes soft drink (Coca-Cola). Dogs: Dogs represent the products that have low market growth as well as market share. Products in this category will absorb a lot of cash but low level of returns because low provided market share and weak market growth. For example, sweetened juice drinks (Hi-C), (2010). Coca Cola would use income from Coke to invest their primarily in Dasani and Full Throttle, whereas, looking to sell off Hi-C to some private equity fund with huge amount of cash on its hands. It is able to standard product life cycle tends to have five stages which are given bellow. Development Introduction Growth Maturity Decline As a result, Coca-Cola is presently in the maturity stage, which is evidenced mainly by the fact that they have a large, loyal group of stable consumers. In addition, cost management, product differentiation and marketing contain more important as growth slows and market share becomes the key determinant of profitability. In international markets the product life cycle is in more of a growth trend Cokes advantage in this section is primarily due to its establishment strong branding and it is now able to use this part of stable profitability to support financially the domestic Cola Wars, (2010). 4.0 Ansoffs Matrix: This Matrix was developed by Igor Ansoff; it is one of the most well known frameworks for deciding upon strategies for growth. It is a tool that helps the company to decide their product and market growth strategy. It is determined by two scopes of option which are products and markets. It consists of market penetration, product development, market development and diversification. Market Penetration: Selling more of an existing product to an existing market. It is going deeper into a market, such as, coke and diet coke. Coca Cola in UK is doing market penetration through the selling its products to the business buyers and retailers who are huge multinational organizations like Tesco, Asda, McDonalds, Subway, KFC and many more. Market Development: Selling an existing product in a new market, for example, taking out various bottle sizes to attract different buyers. It is called market development. Many flavours of Coca Cola are not being sold in every shop, retailer market and other business buyers. Coca Cola can develop a new market if they introduce those flavours in their market. Product Development: Selling a new product to an existing market. It is called product development, such as, creating changes to a product, for example, a new flavour like Coca Cola Vanilla. Coca Cola Company can do product development by introducing the new flavours in UK which are not sold anywhere in the World by the Coca Cola company. Diversification: Selling a new product to a new market. This is called diversification. Coca Cola recognized the need for a new sports drink and introduced PowerAde. Coca Cola can produce new products, which are not manufactured by it before. Coca Cola is only dealing in beverages but it can also produce its own snacks item as the Pepsi is manufacturing Lays which are eaten with the beverages, (2010). New Marketing Strategy: In this section of report, I have discussed three marketing strategy options that the organisation ca